After months struggling to open NASA‘s asteroid pattern canister, company scientists lastly understand how a lot mud and rock its spacecraft introduced again to Earth.

Regardless of earlier estimates that it scooped a few cup of fabric from Bennu, an historical house rock the size of the Empire State Constructing, the full weight of the pattern is 4.29 ounces — round half a cup. Nonetheless, that quantities to the most important asteroid pattern ever collected in house and double the mission’s purpose.

“An incredible pattern from asteroid #Bennu!” the Japanese house company JAXA mentioned on X, previously often known as Twitter. “The JAXA & NASA groups are exchanging a part of the Bennu and #Ryugu samples to allow the primary comparative research between asteroids in our Photo voltaic System!”

Tweet might have been deleted

NASA’s $800 million OSIRIS-Rex mission, brief for Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Useful resource Identification, and Safety Regolith Explorer, launched a robotic spacecraft from Cape Canaveral, Florida, in 2016. The spacecraft accomplished its 4-billion-mile flight when it dropped the pattern from 63,000 miles above Earth onto a patch of remoted Utah desert on Sept. 24, 2023.

OSIRIS-Rex is the primary U.S. mission to retrieve a pattern of an asteroid. Not because the Apollo moon rocks, collected between 1969 and 1972, has NASA introduced again house souvenirs of this magnitude.

The spacecraft accomplished its 4-billion-mile flight when it dropped the pattern from 63,000 miles above Earth onto a patch of remoted Utah desert on Sept. 24, 2023.
Credit score: NASA / Keegan Barber

JAXA, however, has turn into the worldwide chief in such missions, having retrieved samples twice already from asteroids Itokawa and Ryugu. However the U.S. mission seems to have been extra profitable in grabbing materials than the Japanese Hayabusa missions.

JAXA’s first pattern return mission visited asteroid Itokawa in 2005, however the spacecraft crashed onto the floor whereas trying to gather a pattern. The broken spacecraft survived the ordeal and returned to Earth, however curators may solely sweep up lower than a milligram of particles that have been clinging to the probe. A second asteroid mission to asteroid Ryugu returned to Earth with 5.4 grams — lower than a quarter-ounce — in 2020.

Japan’s house company, JAXA, shared a few of its Ryugu pattern with NASA.
Credit score: NASA / Robert Markowitz

Bennu was chosen for the NASA mission as a result of it’s chock-full of carbon, that means it may include the chemical origins of life. It additionally has a really distant likelihood of hitting Earth within the subsequent century. Studying concerning the asteroid may very well be useful in future efforts to deflect it, ought to that ever turn into crucial.

Scientists paused their efforts to open the pattern container in mid-October after they realized two of the 35 screws have been caught. Instantly after encountering the issue, NASA began making new instruments to make use of within the sterile glovebox. The instruments labored, in a position to pry free the lid of the canister.

Now the Bennu rubble will probably be portioned and distributed to scientists all over the world. JAXA, for instance, is predicted to obtain about 0.5 % of the contents. NASA will hold a minimum of 70 % of it at Johnson House Middle in Houston for preservation.